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First Reading, Second Reading, Third Reading, Fourth Reading, Fifth Reading, Sixth Reading, Seventh Reading, Last Reading |
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First Reading, Second Reading, Third Reading, Fourth Reading, Fifth Reading, Sixth Reading, Seventh Reading, Last Reading |
Kedoshim |  |
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| | 19:19 |
Keep My decrees: Do not crossbreed your livestock with other species. Do not plant your field with different species of seeds. Do not wear a garment that contains a forbidden mixture of fabrics.
Et-chukotay tishmoru behemtecha lo-tarbia kil'ayim sadecha lo-tizra kil'ayim uveged kil'ayim sha'atnez lo ya'aleh aleycha. |
| 19:20 |
If a man lies carnally with a slave woman who is half married to [another] man, and she has not been redeemed or given her freedom, she must be physically punished. However, since she has not been freed, [the two] shall not be put to death.
Ve'ish ki-yishkav et-ishah shichvat-zera vehi shifchah necherefet le'ish vehofdeh lo nifdatah o chufshah lo nitan-lah bikoret tiheyeh lo yumtu ki-lo chupashah. |
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Commentary:
forbidden mixture
Of wool and linen ( Deuteronomy 22:11). Shaatnez in Hebrew. It is forbidden whether the wool and linen are spun together, woven together, or sewn together (Yad, Kelayim 10:2,3).
| slave woman
A woman who is half slave and half free (Kerithoth 11a; Yad, Issurey Biyah 3:13). Such a situation can arise if her freedom is partially bought (Gittin 41b; Yad, Avadim 7:4). Similarly, if a slave belongs to two partners, and is freed by one of them, the slave is half free (Ibid.). According to some, however, the Torah here is speaking of a woman who is fully a slave (Rabbi Yishmael, Sifra, Kerithoth 11a). According to all opinions, it is speaking of a born gentile, who was purchased as a slave by a Jew. A born Jewish woman cannot be a slave (except for a minor; see Exodus 21:7).
| half married
(cf. Ramban; Yerushalmi, Kiddushin 1:1; Radak, Sherashim). Ne-cherefeth in Hebrew. Since there is no marriage for a slave, only the 'half' of the woman who is free is married. According to those who hold that this is speaking of a woman who is a total slave, the 'marriage' is conditional, and is automatically nullified when the husband (see next comment) is given his freedom (see Exodus 21:4).
| man
The only man that a woman may marry is another slave. According to tradition, it is speaking of a case where she is married to a Hebrew slave (cf. Exodus 21:4).
| redeemed
When another person gives the slave's master money for his freedom (Yad, Avadim 5:2; Kiddushin 23a; Rashi). According to the majority opinion (above), it is speaking of the case where she was partially redeemed (Kerithoth 11a; Rashi; Malbim).
| physically punished
(Septuagint). Bakar in Hebrew. She is flogged (Yad, Issurey Biyah 3:14; Rashi). Some say that this is because she is flogged with a lash made from the skin of a large animal (bakar) (Radak, Sherashim; cf. Makkoth 22b). Or, 'she shall be disgraced' (Ibn Janach). Or, 'she is public property' and not completely married (Radak, Sherashim).
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